代写Java基础编程作业，使用console绘制各种简易图像。
Objectives
The general aims of this assignment are:
- To analyze a problem in an object-oriented manner, and then design and implement an objectoriented solution that conforms to given specifications
- To practise using inheritance in Java
- To practise file input and output in Java
- To make implementations more robust through mechanisms such as exception handling.
Submission Details and Marking Scheme
Instructions on how to submit electronic copies of your source code files from
your latcs8 account and a marking scheme overview are given at the end. If you
have not been able to complete a program that compiles and executes containing
all functionality, then you should submit a program that compiles and executes
with as much functionality as you have completed. (You may comment out code
that does not compile.)
NOTE: While you are free to develop the code for this assignment on any
operating system, your solution must run on the latcs8 system.
NOTE: You can use arrays or ArrayList or LinkedList of the API. If you use
arrays, assume that we never have more than 50 shapes in a drawing.
Problem Description
In this assignment, you are to develop a basic text-based drawing application.
A sample drawing is shown below.
It has
- Borders which form a rectangle around a drawing area of 20 by 30
- Two lines (the ground and the lamp post)
- One circle (the lamp)
- Two rectangles (the house walls and the door)
- One triangle (the roof)
- A string of text (“FOR SALE” displayed vertically)
In Part 2, you will develop a menu program that allows the user to
progressively create a drawing (by adding shapes and removing shapes), save
the definition of the drawing in a text file and read it back to reconstruct
it.
In Part 1, your main task is to develop the classes whose instances are
objects that make up a drawing. Essentially, they are classes that represent
windows and shapes.
Windows
Each drawing is a window on which shapes can be drawn. A window has, among
other things,
- the height
- the width
- the border character that is used to draw the borders
The window’s height and width represent the drawing area, excluding the
borders. That is, a window of height 20 and width 30 has 20 x 30 = 600 cells
each of which contains a blank or a non-blank character.
Shapes
There are five kinds of shapes that your programs can draw:
- Lines
- Rectangles
- Triangles
- Circles
- Texts (regarded as a kind of shape)
Each shape has - a base point (that will be further explained as we describe the specific shapes), and
- a display character i.e. the character that is used to display the shape
Note about extension for Part 2: In Part 2, we will add two attributes to a
shape: id and description. The id allows us to identity the shape in a
drawing. The description allows us to add some information, for example what
the shape represents in a drawing, e.g a rectangle can represent a door of a
house.
Lines
Consider, as an example, the line below.
Suppose the top point of the line is at position 10, 15. And suppose we take
it to be the base point of the line. Then the line can be specified as
follows:
- The row position of its base point, which is 10
- The column position of its base point, which is 15
- Its length, which is 4
- Its row increment is 1
- Its column increment is 1
- And its drawing character, which is ‘*’
The row increment 1 and column 1 signifies that the line goes down and goes to
the right from the base point. For our drawing board, row increment and column
increment can only take values -1, 0, or 1. In other words, a line can be
horizontal, vertical or can incline at an angle of 45 degrees.
Rectangles
Consider, as an example, the rectangle below
Suppose the top-left point is at position 10, 15. This point will be taken to
be the base point. The line can be specified as follows:
- The row position of its base point, which is 10
- The column position of its base point, which is 15
- Its height, which is 3
- Its width is 6
- And its drawing character, which is ‘*’
Triangles
Our drawing board will draw only isosceles triangle. Consider, as an example,
the triangle below
Suppose the left-most point is at position 10, 15. This point, where the two
equal sides meet, will be referred to as the base point of the triangle. The
directed perpendicular line segment from the base point to the opposite side
is referred to as the height vector of the triangle. The height vector can
have one of four possible directions. It can go:
- Right (as in the above example). We specify this direction by taking its row increment to be 0 and column increment to be 1.
- Left, with row increment 0 and column increment -1.
- Up, with row increment -1 and column increment 0.
- Down, with row increment 1 and column increment 0.
In addition, the length of the side opposite the base point is twice the
length of the height vector. The triangle can be specified as follows:
- The row position of its base point, which is 10
- The column position of its base point, which is 15
- Its height, the length of the height vector, which is 3
- Its row increment of the height vector, which is 0
- Its column increment of the height vector, which is 1
- And its drawing character, which is ‘*’
Circles
Consider the circle displayed below, which is a circle of radius 2.
The base point of a circle is its center. A circle is specified by
- The row position of its base point (its center)
- The column position of its base point (its center)
- Its radius
- And its drawing character, which is ‘+’
For our drawing boards, we draw a circle by plotting 20 points on its
circumference. When a circle is of small size, some of the 20 points overlap.
Obviously, the display is often only a rather crude approximation of a circle.
(Hint: In reference to a coordinate system whose origin is the center O of the
circle, a point M on the circle has coordinates x = R cos() and y = R sin(),
where R is the radius and is the angle between the x-axis to OM ).
“Text Shapes”
Consider, as an example, the text display below
Suppose letter ‘H’ is at position 10, 15. This is the base point. This “text
shape” can be specified as follows:
- The row position of its base point, which is 10
- The column position of its base point, which is 15
- Its text itself, which is “HELLO”
- Its row increment is 1
- Its column increment is 1
The row increment 1 and column 1 signifies that the line goes down and goes to
the right from the base point. For our drawing board, as for the lines, row
increment and column increment of a text shape can take values -1, 0, or 1.
Signatures for the Classes
The Window class must have
- The constructor
Window(int numberOfRows, int numberOfColumns, char borderCharacter) - The method to add a shape void addShape(Shape shape)
- The method to remove a shape
void removeShape(String id)
You are not required to implement this method for Part 1. - The method to display the drawing on the screen void display()
Row value increases from top to bottom, and column value increases from left
to right. The top-left cell has row = 1 and column = 1.
The Line class must have the constructor
Line(int rowBase, int colBase, int length, int rowIncrement, int colIncrement, char drawingCharacter)
—|—
The Rectangle class must have the constructor
Rectangle(int rowBase, int colBase, int height, int width, char drawingCharacter)
—|—
The Triangle class must have the constructor
Triangle(int rowBase, int colBase, int height, int rowIncrement, int colIncrement, char drawingCharacter)
—|—
The Circle class must have the constructor
Circle(int rowBase, int colBase, int radius, char drawingCharacter)
—|—
The Text class must have the constructor
Text(int rowBase, int colBase, String text, int rowIncrement, int colIncrement)
—|—
In addition, every shape class (Line, Rectangle, Triangle, Circle, Text) must
also have the method to draw itself on a Window
void draw(Window window)
—|—
Task 1
a) Design and implement
- The class to represent a drawing window
- The abstract class Shape
- The class that represents a line
b) Test your classes with the EightLines program below. The program must be
able to run with your classes without any change.
public class EightLines {
public static void main(String [] args) {
Window window = new Window(20, 20, ‘*’);
int row = 10, column = 10, length = 5;
Line line = new Line(row, column, length, 0, 1, ‘1’);
window.addShape(line);
line = new Line(row, column, length, 1, 1, ‘2’);
window.addShape(line);
line = new Line(row, column, length, 1, 0, ‘3’);
window.addShape(line);
line = new Line(row, column, length, 1, -1, ‘4’);
window.addShape(line);
line = new Line(row, column, length, 0, -1, ‘5’);
window.addShape(line);
line = new Line(row, column, length, -1, -1, ‘6’);
window.addShape(line);
line = new Line(row, column, length, -1, 0, ‘7’);
window.addShape(line);
line = new Line(row, column, length, -1, 1, ‘8’);
window.addShape(line);
window.display();
}
}
—|—
Task 2
a) Design and implement the rest of the shapes
b) Test your classes with the program HouseForSale below. It should produce
the drawing on page 2.
import java.util.;
import java.io.;
public class HouseForSale {
public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception {
// Create a window
Window w = new Window(20, 30, ‘‘);
// Draw the ground
Line ground = new Line(19, 1, 29, 0, 1,’#’); w.addShape(ground);
// Draw the post
Line post = new Line(12, 5, 6, 1, 0, ‘#’); w.addShape(post);
// Draw the light
Circle light = new Circle(10, 5, 2, ‘+’); w.addShape(light);
// Draw the house
Rectangle house = new Rectangle(8, 16, 11, 10, ‘=’); w.addShape(house);
// Draw the door
Rectangle door = new Rectangle(11, 19, 8, 4, ‘=’); w.addShape(door);
// Draw the roof
Triangle roof = new Triangle(2, 21, 6, 1, 0, ‘‘); w.addShape(roof);
// Display text message
Text msg = new Text(2,10, “FOR SALE”, 1, 0); w.addShape(msg); w.display();
}
}
—|—
It is required that the classes you develop must allow the HouseForSale
program to run without any changes.
Electronic Submission of the Source Code
- Submit all the Java files that you have developed in the tasks above.
- The code has to run under Unix on the latcs8 machine.
- You submit your files from your latcs8 account. Make sure you are in the same directory as the files you are submitting.
- Submit each file separately using the submit command. For example, for a file called (say) Window.java: submit IOO Window.java
- After submitting the files, you can run the following command that lists the files submitted from your account: verify
- You can submit the same filename as many times as you like before the assignment deadline; the previously submitted copy will be replaced by the latest one.
Marking Scheme Overview
Part 1 of the assignment has the total of 100 marks, which are distributed as
follows:
- Implementation (Execution of code) 90 marks (Do all parts of the programs execute correctly? Note your programs must compile and run to carry out this implementation marking.)
- Code Design, Layout and Documentation 10 marks (Does the program conform to specifications? Does the program solve the problem in a well-designed manner? Does the program follow good programming practices? Does the indentation and code layout follow a good, consistent standard? Are the identifiers meaningful? Are comments useful in explain what and how the program works? (Javadoc comments are optional.)
