用软件模拟，实现一个 Wi-Fi 解析器。
The Wi-Fi Physical Layer
Have you ever wondered what a Wi-Fi signal from your computer or phone
actually looks like? The objective of this project is to make you learn in
action, how a popular physical layer protocol (Wi-FI) works.
In this project, you will build a very simple Wi-Fi decoder in software that
mimics the very same processes that your phone/laptop’s Wi-Fi chip does. You
will be given a reference MATLAB design that simulates WiFi packets: taking
the contents of a packet and creating a Wi-Fi signal. Your role is to reverse
this process: take as input a Wi-Fi signal and return the corresponding Wi-Fi
message.
You are given a Wi-Fi transmitter code
You are given a MATLAB .m file which generates a Wi-Fi packet, a function
defined as follows:
function txsignal = wifitransmitter(message, level, snr)
The wifitransmitter function takes as input:
- message : A text ‘message’ that contains the contents of a Wi-Fi packet. It should be able to handle arbitrary textual input (i.e. any sequence of ASCII characters). The sequence will be no longer than 10000 bytes.
- level : Level indicates various stages of encoding. Each message undergoes five levels of encoding before becoming a wireless signal: (1) Level-1/Coding: A turbo code is applied to the bits; (2) Level2/Interleaving: The bits are permuted by a well-known permutation; (3) Level-3/Modulation: The bits are mapped to complex numbers by a simple mapping (BPSK); (4) Level-4/OFDM: The bits are converted to an OFDM sequence; (5) Level-5/Noise: Some noise is added to the packet and we apply some zero-padding to the beginning and end of the packet. Default level is 5.
- snr : Specifies the signal to noise ration (in dB) applied to the signal. Value could be any positive or negative real number. Default snr is infinity.
Once the function is called with appropriate inputs, the value txsignal equals
the sequence of complex numbers containing the encoded packet.
You are encouraged to run this program in MATLAB for different inputs and
observe the output values. You are also encouraged to thoroughly read the .m
file to better understand the different levels.
Note: The implementation you are given is a very simplistic version of the Wi-
Fi physical layer that excludes many bells and whistles for simplicity (e.g.
cyclic prefix, pilots, guard bands, etc.). The goal is to give you a sense of
how both a Wi-FI transmitter and receiver work at the PHY layer. However,
since we are not following the Wi-Fi protocol to the tee, you will be unable
to solve this project with standard Wi-Fi decoding libraries or tools. You are
therefore strongly encouraged to write your own receiver code from scratch.
You are welcome to use libraries for basic signal processing mathematical
functions (Fourier transform, Turbo code libraries, etc.).
Your Task: Write the Wi-Fi receiver code
Your task is very simple: create a Wi-Fi receiver program called that takes as
input the transmitted signal txsignal generated by wifitransmitter and outputs
message. We will run your program by running the following function in MATLAB
that you need to write:
[message, length, start] = wifireceiver(txsignal, level)
Your main deliverable is the function wifireceiver .m in MATLAB. While you are
encouraged to use MATLAB to write this, you are permitted to invoke a system
call to C/C++/Java/Python within the MATLAB script, should you choose to do
so. However please note that wifireceiver .m must handle all required
compilation. You should submit your original source code and not an
executable.
We will run the following tests as explained below. For illustrative purposes,
the following examples use ‘hello world’ as the transmitted message. Your
program should work correctly for any valid input message to wifitransmitter.
Level 1 Test
In the level-1 test, only turbo encoding is enabled at the transmitter.
On MATLAB:
>> txsignal = wifitransmitter(‘hello world’, 1)
>> wifireceiver(txsignal, 1)
Should output the following: hello world
Your program at this level should undo the turbo decoding correctly.
Level 2 Test
In the level-2 test, the turbo encoding and interleaving steps are enabled at
the transmitter.
On MATLAB:
>> txsignal = wifitransmitter(‘hello world’, 2)
>> wifireceiver(txsignal, 2)
Should output the following:
hello world
Your program at this level should undo the turbo decoding and interleaving
correctly.
Level 3 Test
In the level-3 test, the turbo encoding, interleaving and modulation steps are
enabled at the transmitter.
On MATLAB:
>> txsignal = wifitransmitter(‘hello world’, 3)
>> wifireceiver(txsignal, 3)
Should output the following:
hello world
Your program at this level should undo the turbo decoding, interleaving and
modulation correctly.
Level 4 Test
In the level-4 test, the turbo encoding, interleaving, modulation and OFDM
signal generation steps are enabled at the transmitter.
On MATLAB:
>> txsignal = wifitransmitter(‘hello world’, 4)
>> wifireceiver(txsignal, 4)
Should output the following:
hello world
Your program at this level should undo the turbo decoding, interleaving,
modulation and OFDM steps correctly.
Level 5 Test
In the level-5 test, all steps are enabled at the transmitter.
On MATLAB:
>>> txsignal = wifitransmitter(‘hello world’, 5, 30)
>>> [message, length, start] = wifireceiver(txsignal, 5);
Should output the following:
message = ‘hello world’
length = 11
start =
(= length(noise_pad_begin) in wifitransmitter.m)
Your program at this level should undo the turbo decoding, interleaving,
modulation and OFDM steps correctly. You will be awarded 10 points each for
each of the three outputs. To get the full 30 points, you are guaranteed that
the snr input will be 30 dB or higher. Supporting snr values below 30 dB will
be an extra credit problem for 18-441 and a required task for 18-741, worth
ten points. Remember that snr values can be negative.
Discussions
I’m confused, where do I start?
Relax; the project may not be as hard (or as easy) as you think initially.
Make sure you start early. Note that you are not required to use MATLAB to
program the bulk of your code, but MATLAB’s built-in libraries make it
relatively easy to implement the basic signal processing tools you will need.
A good starting point is to start with level-1 and then progressively include
levels 2, 3, 4 and 5 and build your script. Reach out to the TAs or use piazza
should you face any questions.
Hand-in Procedure
You will submit your project to canvas and we will test your codes using our
own server. Create a file named README in the primary submission directory so
we know that it is the primary directory that we need to grade (we will ignore
the other).
Deliverable Items
The deliverables are enumerated as follows,
- The source code for the entire project (if you use external libraries, provide the binaries needed for compilation of your project)
- Do not submit the executable files (we will DELETE them and deduct your logistic points).
- A brief design document regarding your server design in design.txt / design.pdf in the submission directory (1-2 pages). Tell us about the following,
* a. Your decoder design
* b. How did you infer the length of the packet?
* c. Libraries used (optional; name, version, homepage-URL; if available)
* d. Extra capabilities you implemented (optional)
* e. Extra instructions on how to execute the code, if needed
